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Home > Diseases and Illnesses > Skin cancer > Sunburn: Skin Cancer and ...
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Sunburn: Skin Cancer and Aging of the Skin
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The experience of sunburn can be a very efficient (i.e. painful)
reminder to heed adequate protection on future occasions. However more
importantly, it should be a reminder of the long-term effects of sun
exposure on our bodies and health – which can include aging of the skin
and skin cancer.
In order to more fully understand these consequences, let’s take a look
at exactly what sunburn is, its symptoms and its effect on the body.
Sunburn results when the amount of exposure to the sun, or other
ultraviolet light source (e.g. tanning lamps and welding arcs etc.),
exceeds the ability of the body's protective pigment, melanin, to
protect the skin. Melanin content varies greatly, but in general darker
skinned people have more melanin than lighter skinned. (Although fairer
skinned people are generally more prone to getting sunburn than darker
skinned people, this certainly does not exclude the latter from risk.)
Sunburn destroys cells in the outer layer of the skin, damaging tiny
blood vessels underneath. Burns deeper into the skin’s layers also
damage elastic fibers in the skin, which over time and with repeated
sun overexposure, can result in the appearance of yellowish, wrinkled
skin.
The damage to skin cells from UV exposure (either sunlight or tanning
lamps etc.) can also include damage to their DNA. It’s this repeated
DNA damage, which can lead to a cell becoming cancerous. With the
incidence of skin cancer rising dangerously in many parts of the world,
and with its ability to develop and establish itself in the body ‘long’
before external signs are detected, -- paying attention to this aspect
of sun exposure and sunburn should certainly not be ignored if we are
serious about preserving our health.
Now while it may be easier to ignore the effects of sunburn occurring
at a cellular level, ignoring the external symptoms of sunburn in the
days immediately following such exposure is entirely another matter.
While sunburn is usually not immediately obvious, skin discoloration
(ranging from slightly pink to severely red or even purplish) will
initially appear from 1 – 24 hours after exposure. Although pain is
usually worst 6 – 48 hours afterward, the burn can continue to develop
for 24 – 72 hours after the incident. Where there is skin peeling, this
generally occurs 3 – 8 days after the burn occurs.
While minor sunburns typically cause nothing more than warm/hot skin,
slight redness, and tenderness to the affected area, -- in more serious
cases, extreme redness, swelling and blistering can occur. These
blisters filled with fluid may itch and eventually break. This can then
cause peeling of the skin, exposing an even tenderer layer of skin
underneath.
Severe sunburn can cause very red, blistered skin but can also be
accompanied by fever, chills, nausea (in some cases vomiting), and
dehydration. In instances of extreme sunburn where the pain is
debilitating, medical treatment may be required.
While the immediate effects of sunburn can certainly be painful and
cause discomfort, the real deterrent to UV overexposure should be the
potential damage to your long-term health – including the risk of
premature aging of the skin along with skin cancer.
Don’t let sunburn and sun overexposure kill your chances of enjoying
youthful skin, and a healthy body. Remember, the easiest way to treat
sunburn will always be to avoid it in the first place!
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